Equinor – Energy Perspectives, 2025

The main theme of the report is long-term forecasts for the development of global energy markets in the context of changing geopolitical and macroeconomic conditions.

The document examines four scenarios for the development of the global economy, international energy markets, and greenhouse gas emissions to show how different factors of the energy triad (security, affordability, and decarbonization) affect long-term changes. Key findings include the delay and fragmentation of the global energy transition, the mismatch of current changes with the ambitions of the Paris Agreement, and the need for global cooperation to achieve sustainable development.