McKinsey & Company – Global Materials Perspective, 2025

The main theme of the report concerns the prospects for material demand in the context of the energy transition up to 2025.

It examines three scenarios of material demand and three supply scenarios based on MineSpans data. The report focuses on changes in availability, affordability, and sustainability of materials, particularly important for the energy transition and the expansion of digital infrastructure. Special attention is given to metals and mining, with a focus on materials whose demand changes depending on the pace of the energy transition, including steel, aluminum, copper, lithium, and rare earth elements. Materials whose demand decreases due to the phasing out of traditional technologies, such as thermal coal, are highlighted separately.