Concawe – E-Fuels Europe, 2024

Concawe and Aramco have conducted a study on different e-fuels pathways produced in various regions of the world in 2020, 2030, and 2050. The study includes e-hydrogen, e-methane, e-methanol, and other e-fuels, analyzing production costs, impact of renewable energy supply, safety considerations, and societal acceptance. The study consists of a techno-environmental assessment (Part 1) focusing on production efficiency, energy consumption, and carbon intensity, as well as an economic analysis (Part 2) conducted by consultants under the supervision of Concawe and Aramco. The study assumes a plant producing 1 million tons of e-diesel equivalent per year. It considers different sources of CO2 and energy consumption for different e-fuels, with simpler molecules such as e-hydrogen requiring less energy but more complex molecules like e-OME3-5 having lower efficiency. The study also looks at the impact of technology development, electricity sources, and hydrogen transportation. The summary of assumptions and detailed analyses are provided in the study, with considerations for future restrictions and sustainability concerns.