IEA – The State of Energy Innovation, 2025

The main theme of the report is the development of energy innovations on a global level.

The report assesses recent progress and emerging challenges in energy technology innovations, based on more than 150 examples of innovations and a survey of experts from 34 countries. It analyzes trends in public and corporate R&D spending, venture capital flows, and technology demonstration efforts. There is growing attention to low-emission, modular, and mass-produced technologies. The report highlights areas where new approaches to policy support are being developed for more effective use of public funds, as well as areas where additional efforts are needed to overcome barriers and attract private capital. Chapters include diversification of mineral resource supplies for batteries, application of artificial intelligence in energy innovations, and development of carbon removal technologies.