IEA – Global Critical Minerals Outlook, 2025

The main theme of the report concerns critical minerals necessary for various energy technologies and the broader economy.

The report highlights price volatility, supply chain bottlenecks, and geopolitical issues, emphasizing the importance of regular monitoring of their supply and demand. It provides a detailed analysis of recent market and investment trends and their implications for the security of critical mineral supply. The document includes medium- and long-term forecasts for the supply and demand of key energy minerals, considering the latest policy and technology changes. The report also explores key techno-economic issues such as policy mechanisms to support diversification, mineral supply chains for new battery technologies, innovations in mining, processing, and recycling, as well as strategic minerals for applications beyond the energy sector. It includes an overview of mineral markets and policy changes in various regions.